Wednesday, 9 November 2011

The Three Street Theories That Destroyed Nigeria – by C. C. Ekeke



When next you want to get yourself some kilograms of meat, consider the open market –not Shoprite or any of the corporate shopping centres. Also, just for the purpose of confirming the accuracy or otherwise of the assertions I will be making in this essay, I’d suggest that you try boarding ...a public bus when next you want to go anywhere within Nigeria. Or better still; visit a motor park or a beer parlour. The cozy enclave of your Jeep or your home will deny you of the opportunity to get this knowledge. And when you get into the market or the public bus or the beer joint, don’t just keep to yourself. Interact with the people you see there.



If you pick ten different people at random – from the market, beer parlour or inside a commercial bus – , engage them in a friendly conversation about the Nigerian malaise and later ask them if they’ll steal money if voted or appointed into a political office, you’ll be shocked at the responses you’ll get. At least 70% of the people will tell you exactly this or something that implies it; “Nobody go enter there make e no chop money. I go chop, but I go do something”



Chop, but do something. This is the first theory with which Nigeria was – and is still being – destroyed. Created by a wicked and mischievous tribe of rulers, exported to the streets for a wholesale purchase by the masses and sustained in circulation by both the rulers and the ruled, this theory gives legitimacy to the world-acknowledged signature of leadership in Nigeria: monumental treasury-looting. I have always cringed at the unconscious acceptance of the crime of corruption as normal, by the Nigerian people; from those they call leaders, each time they quote this rule.



In its most basic explanation, chop, but do something, confers on a political officeholder a legitimate right to help himself to the public treasury (“chop”), so long as he does “something”. The “chop” here doesn’t refer to the legally approved remuneration and perquisites for the Nigerian government official which, – in any case –are far above what any other public official in similar or related position elsewhere in the world earns. When they say “chop “, they actually imply, “steal, embezzle, loot”. I have often asked my close friends if they know the definition of the “something” that should be done. Does anybody know what should pass for a satisfactory “something”? The vagueness of this weak demand – which appears to be an afterthought -from the governed is the reason we have been getting anything – just anything – as products of governance from those who we hired to provide us with some level of comfort. And because there’s no clear line, as well as known proportion for demarcation, between “chopping” and doing “something”, we have often had a 95:5 ratio. To further appreciate this, you may want to realize that, according to this law, the “chopping” comes first before the doing “something”. The beneficiary of this benevolence of ours can comfortably run a “chop-do something” ratio of 99:1. We’ve seen it reflect in the award of contracts by governments. A contract is awarded at an ungodly cost – far above what it will cost to do the same job in a saner clime, money is paid in full for the job, yet it won’t be executed. The contractor shares the money with the government officials who awarded the contract. And that ends the story.



In their various uninspiring offices, I can safely conclude that the aides to these rulers recite this law to their bosses more than they do the Nigerian pledge. The result is what you see littered in our political landscape. A legislator who carts home about $2million per annum goes to his constituency and sinks one or two boreholes and invites ready members of the mainstream mass media to broadcast it. A week later, the borehole parks up and his constituents resort back to the streams and rivers or Malams – the only sources of water supply they know. He has done “something”. At least he has satisfied the two sides of the street law.



A governor pockets millions of tax payers’ money, then remembers the existing street law, and quickly sends an aide or a family member to get 5,000 okadas and 5,000 sewing machines for the states “teeming youths”. He fixes some few kilometers of roads and they all get bad again, right under his watch, even before his first term in office elapses. Mr governor has “done something”.



Historians, I am certain, will find the Nigerian masses guilty of complicity – by both witting and unwitting acceptance – in the organized destruction of their country. The penchant for accepting mediocrity and promoting the culture of sleaze in government, by those who should demand qualitative leadership, is against the known laws of building a great nation. The acceptance by an average Nigerian that the right thing in government is to “chop money, but do something” is the latent force that propels the corrupt public officeholder to the comfort realm – that zone where the everybody-is-a-thief mindset doesn’t give him any discomfort. By declaring that law, the Nigerian on the street is simply saying, “if I get there, I’ll also steal from the treasury”. And the thieving ruler knows this, and likes it.



The next theory of national destruction is the theory of “chop I chop”. Credited to the ingenuity of Nigeria’s father of modern day corruption – Ibrahim Babangida – by his admirers, this theory is a summary of the benefits of forming a workable collusion before, during and after the act of stealing public funds. You hear this more often when, once in a rare while, a high profile corruption case becomes the scene of EFCC’s usual media melodrama. Those who see – and probably rightly so – Babangida as the master of the art of settlement would tell you the reason such people like Dimeji Bankole, Danjuma Goje or Chimaroke Nnamani, were being singled out for prosecution in a sea of heads of fellow sinners. For a country recognized world over for its unenviable position in state-sponsored corruption, it has to be the breaking of the “chop I chop” law that inform such persecutions. In simple terms, whoever that is caught by EFCC “chopped alone”. He refused to share the loot with those who he knew would come after him. Didn’t he see IBB? Doesn’t he know that is the secret of the retired general?



And many students of the IBB school of thought are high fliers in the field. They can hardly be put to jail. They know those to settle with raw cash and those to settle with campaign donations. They know those to settle in form of church tithes, seeds or offerings as well as those to settle in their palaces with big cars and costly accessories. And the masses? They are in wait for their turn or when any of their relatives gets the chance to access the treasury of the public.



Do something for ya people is the third of the street laws that have destroyed Nigeria. This, in particular, was propounded to tend to the ethnically biased Nigerian ruler. And unfortunately, many of them are. Here, the bigotry of a president, governor or Local Council chairman is brought to the fore by his advisers. Devoid of the sublime thinking that his primary catchment area is the physical boundaries of the country or state he rules, and having no plan to develop any part of the geographic region, a president or governor is always reminded by his family and village members, “no matter what, do something for ya people ”. The idea is for him to corner the few developmental programmes of his regime to his village so that later in the future, when his kindred members throw up to him the challenge of his wasteful years in office, he’ll simply say, “I sank that borehole and built that road for you people”.



We saw a manifestation of the observance of these theories in the decision of President Goodluck Jonathan to site one of his nine politically motivated Federal Universities in his village. In that singular act alone, he achieved both the “do something” and “do something for ya people” expectations. He just wanted to do something, anything – irrespective of the desirability or otherwise of it, and hurriedly setting up Universities, even against the opinions of front line academics, was to serve that purpose. And in doing something, he thought of doing one for “his people”.



The maze I find difficult to suss out is the reason behind a political class which should think like their contemporaries in the developed world taking a thinking seat with the commoners on the streets. Sorry, I take it back. There’s no wisdom in my amazement. That street thought actually originated from the members of the ruling class themselves. They rule with the minds of commoners. They are clothed in the apparels of nobles, yet the apparels cover the flesh that conceal minds saturated with petty thoughts and admiration for vanity. From the seats of power to the queues of misery in the Nigerian streets, the air is condensed with thoughts of national destruction; the type that promotes laziness and criminality in political offices and then awards a non-performing political office holder the commendation, “the man dey try”.



And by the way, that is the fourth of the street laws that destroyed Nigeria.

Thursday, 3 November 2011

THE STORY OF SHOLA: HIV/AIDS DISCRIMINATION IS STILL HERE!

By Victoria Ibezim-Ohaeri


Ms. Shola has full blown AIDS. She is poor, sick, abandoned, evicted and HOMELESS! She used to sell bread at Adeniji Adele area of Lagos State. Her problems got beyond her when the "shack" she called home was demolished by Fashola's demolition-happy officials without providing her an alternative shelter.

I met Ms. Shola four weeks ago at Egbeda Bus stop in Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos State. It was a very rainy Saturday, and there she lay on the bus stop with her clothes scattered all over the main road. Freezing, hungry and uncared for, hundreds gathered to catch a glimpse of her. Her sore-infested body and the pus gushing out o
f her ears attracted all kinds of flies. Gladly, two women summoned up the courage to approach her and cover her up with warm clothing. As I walked away with a tinge of regret about my inability to help, somehow, I believed the local authorities would come to her rescue in a matter of days. I WAS WRONG!


Just yesterday, Thursday, October 27, 2011, I learned that Ms. Shola had been 'living' at that same spot for over four weeks.  Touched by her deteriorating physical and health condition, members of St. Vincent De Paul (SVDP) movement of Joseph's Catholic Church Egbeda took her to Igando General Hospital and  Gowon Estate Police Station. Both the hospital and the police station vehemently refused to keep her in their custody. They also took her to National Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos and all known shelters in Lagos State yesterday, none agreed to admit her. As a pre-condition for admission at IDH Yaba, Lagos, they were requested to pay N50,000 deposit, and submit the name of a relative that would take care of her. Despite paying N50,000, she could not be admitted into the shelter because none of her relatives showed up.


Having exhausted the whole day and options available to them, SVCP's attempt to return her to Egbeda Bus Stop met a brick wall. Traders and persons claiming to be local government officials refused to let her stay at the bus stop on the grounds that she constituted a public health nuisance. The furore lasted well into the night until the nearby Catholic Church offered her a place to sleep.


To say the least, it is appalling and embarrassing that there are no functional destitute homes and temporary shelters for sick people in the whole of Lagos State despite its enormous internal and external revenue earnings. State and local authorities have continued to push for, and advance policies and programs that skew focus on city beautification and aesthetics even if it is at the cost of massive social dislocation and human suffering. Development has no value if does not lift people out of poverty. Development is meaningless if it does not enable its intended benficiaries to live more properous, healthier lives.


Ms. Shola may not live very long. And when she's gone, beautiful flowers may quickly be planted along Mobolaji Bank Anthony Way, Ikeja, Lagos to replace her. Certainly, Lagos shall not miss her!

Good bye Ms. Shola...We may not meet again. But your story would would forever haunt the conscience of  leaders who failed to live up to their expected obligations towards you.



Goodbye Shola!

BOKO HARAM: JTF BEGINS DOOR-TO-DOOR SEARCH IN MAIDUGURI


"Security forces have started door-to-door searches for weapons in northeast Borno state after an arms amnesty for Islamist militants expired on October 31", Colonel Mohammed Hassan, spokesman for the Joint Military Taskforce in Borno said on Wednesday. The measure was part of efforts to curb gun attacks and frequent bombings by the militant group Boko Haram in the state.

"We have commenced house-to-house searches for illegal firearms because, from Tuesday morning, the deadline given to the public to surrender all firearms in their possession expired," he told journalists in the state's capital Maiduguri.

One search had already led to the arrest of a suspected bank robber with links to Boko Haram thought to have been behind a heist on a local branch of First Bank in which a policeman was shot dead, he said.
Boko Haram, whose name means "Western education is forbidden", has been behind dozens of shootings in Nigeria's northeast this year, usually targeting public and religious figures. Last month, it killed a state television cameraman.

The group is growing in ambition and sophistication. Nigerian and international security agencies believe it has been strengthening ties with al Qaeda's north African wing.The group claimed responsibility for a deadly bombing on the United Nations' headquarters in the capital Abuja in August. Security crackdowns have yielded little and in some cases heavy-handedness has alienated the local population.

In a related development, a major disaster was on Wednesday foiled by the police, as the dreaded Islamic sect, Boko Haram, had planned to present cleverly wrapped bombs as Sallah gifts to some individuals in the state.

The state Commissioner of Police, Mr Simeon Midenda, said on Wednesday that the command had arrested a 23-year-old member of the sect, Sheriff Shettima, who was the arrowhead of the plans.  Addressing newsmen, Mr Midenda said that Shettima was arrested in his house in Maiduguri metropolis, where explosives, guns and ammunition, which he confessed were initially prepared to bomb the headquarters of Borno State police command, were recovered.

The suspect, according to the police, revealed that some of the explosives were meant to be wrapped as gifts for people during sallah, adding that “the receivers of the gifts might not suspect that these are IEDs.”


Source: Reuters and Tribune

Nigeria comedian's drug arrest makes agency a joke

BY JON GAMBRELL
Story culled from yahoo news...

Investigators detained the famous Nigerian comedian at the airport, accusing him of swallowing narcotics before trying to board a flight to Paris. But after more than two weeks of observation, Baba Suwe has given up no drugs.


Instead he's made drug enforcement agents the punch line in a country that's a gateway for heroin and cocaine entering Europe and the United States. On Tuesday, his court appearance amounted to one important question from a stern-faced judge: "You've been to the toilet how many times?"
Baba Suwe's life has been reduced almost to a potty-humor joke after drug enforcement agents arrested the 53-year-old actor on suspicion of hiding drugs inside his body.

Television news programs have brought on analysts to discuss the actor's bowel movements. And writers have compared the incident to when police arrested late Afrobeat legend Fela Anikulapo-Kuti on suspicion of ingesting marijuana, which the musician later memorialized in an unprintable song and album title.
However, Suwe's defense lawyer says the case also has more ominous implications for Nigeria's criminal system.


That "somebody of Baba Suwe's popularity, somebody of his standing in the Nigerian society, somebody's who's so famous can be hauled into detention without any attempt of filing a charge against him, that tells you we may have several thousand people languishing in (drug agency) detention centers with no access to justice," Bamidele Aturu said.

Baba Suwe, whose real name is Babatunde Omidina, is a popular figure in Nigeria's robust national film industry known as Nollywood. He provides comic relief in films as a butler or a security guard in some films, or as the lead actor in movies spoken in his native Yoruba language.

On Oct. 12, he arrived at Lagos' Murtala Muhammed International Airport to board an overnight Air France flight to Paris, where he was to host a naming ceremony for a newborn. Agents of Nigeria's National Drug Law Enforcement Agency pulled him out of line for a further screening, officials said.

Such searches remain common in Nigeria, as drug enforcement agents conduct selective searches, usually focusing on travelers who fit the profile of a possible drug courier. It remains unclear why agents specifically pulled Baba Suwe out of line, as his lawyer said Tuesday that their selection came after authorities received "information" about his client.


Agents put Baba Suwe through a full-body scanner at the airport that detected a suspicious object inside his body, the agency has said. They detained the actor and newspaper headlines the next morning blared that the actor had been caught with cocaine inside his body.
Except no drugs have come out.


On Tuesday, Baba Suwe appeared in a federal high court in Lagos to challenge his continued detention without charges. His case brought out fans who lined the court compound's fence, peering through the slates to catch a glimpse of the diminutive star.
"As a public person, it's an embarrassment to him and his fans," said Sunday Iyip, 43, who works as a security guard.

The case also has proven to be a high-profile embarrassment for the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency, which parades a series of suspects before journalists to show its efforts to stop drug trafficking.
Despite its campaign, Nigeria remains a major transit point for illegal drugs. Between January and October 2010, Nigeria's drug agency seized more than 400 pounds (some 180 kilograms) of cocaine and more than 90 pounds (more than 40 kilograms) of heroin in Lagos, home to the nation's busiest airport, according to a recent U.S. State Department report.

Experts believe much more slipped out of the country via drug mules to airports in Europe and the U.S.
"Nigerian-organized criminal networks remain a major factor in moving cocaine and heroin worldwide," the State Department report reads. "While many of these organizations are not based in Nigeria, large quantities of both cocaine and heroin transit Nigeria on their way to markets in the West."
Femi Oloruntoba, the drug agency's lead prosecutor, said Tuesday that he didn't think the Baba Suwe case had hurt his agency's image.

"With all the scans and the expert opinion, it's reasonable for us to hold onto" him, the prosecutor said.
Yet inside the court Tuesday, Justice Yetunde Idowu offered harsh criticism for holding the comedian without charges. She ordered Baba Suwe to be released Friday on $3,300 bail so long as he doesn't excrete any drugs.

"Mr. Omidina is due for release," Idowu said.
And so Baba Suwe left the court, surrounded by Uzi-carrying anti-drug agents. Outside, his fans mobbed around him, applauding him as he passed.

However, even in the moment of judicial glory, the comedian couldn't escape the joke: Those gathered offered an excrement-themed cheer in his local language.

Monday, 31 October 2011

HONEST DISCUSSION ON PETROLEUM PRODUCTS SUBSIDY

By Samuel Diminas

It is time we had an altruistic discussion about fuel subsidy with a focus on how we can best move the country forward together.


I hope that other well informed, dispassionate and independent Nigerian youths would join in this discourse and ensure that the issues are analyzed in a very civilized manner in pursuit of the best of objectivity, truth and empirical facts, for it is our long term future that is at stake.


So much has been said from all sides of the discourse, and rather than repeating the trite arguments, I would like to refer readers to the following article; Oil & Gas (3) - The Downstream Dilemma by Nasir el-Rufai. http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/oil-gas-3-the-downstream-dilemma/101476/#.TqsLw63bOOI.facebook

Nasir el-Rufai’s article provides a very detailed and all encompassing evaluation, however I would like to clarify a few points raised in the article, before proceeding.


Excerpt From Article:

Until 1966, the Nigerian economy was supplied with petroleum products through private sector imports by multinationals like Shell, Esso, BP and Total. Shell, BP and the three regional governments sponsored the first Port Harcourt refinery. It was inaugurated in 1966 with a capacity of 35,000 barrels per day (bpd). This domestic production supplemented by imports served the nation until the early 1970s when demand outstripped supply and nationwide shortages developed.

The Facts:

The Shell/BP (60,000 bb/d) refinery was commissioned by Shell/BP only. It was built and commissioned as a fully private venture in 1965. The refinery had nothing to do with any of the regional govts. http://www.pengassan.org/pdf/History%20of%20Oil%20and%20Gas%20in%20Nigeria.pdf


Also important is the following milestones in the Nigeria petroleum industry, which would provide more insight on the subject:

  • In May 1971 the Nigerian federal government, then under the control of General Yakubu Gowon, nationalized the oil industry by creating the Nigerian National Oil Corporation via a decree.

  • Nationalization of the oil sector was also precipitated by Nigeria's desire to join OPEC, which required that member states acquire 51% stake and become increasingly involved in the oil sector.

  • The military regime oversaw the implementation of a number of other important milestones in the 70’s related to oil:

  • 1975: Decree 6 increases federal government share in oil sector to 80%, with only 20% going to states.

  • 1978: Perhaps most importantly, the federal government created the Land Use Act which vested control over state lands in control of military governors appointed by the federal military regime, and eventually led to Section 40(3) of the 1979 constitution which declared all minerals, oil, natural gas, and natural resources found within the bounds of Nigeria to be legal property of the Nigerian federal government.

  • 1979: In an effort to establish further control over the industry, the government merges and restructures the NNOC and the Ministry of Petroleum to form the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, an entity which would exert more power over the allocation and sale of concessions than the NNOC. By 1979, the NNPC had also gained 60 percent participation in the oil industry.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Nigeria *** list of references, external links and citations are provided for this source at the end of the article and meets standards for acceptable and reliable publications.


It is also important to note, that the evidence shows that the problems with our downstream petroleum sector and Nigeria’s inability to effectively manage the sector was a direct result of govt involvement in this sector in 1971, with a resulting deterioration with time. Government whether in Nitel, NEPA/PHCN etc has proven to be a very bad business manager, not only in Nigeria, but also all over the world.

It is a widely held belief that the importation of refined products started during the IBB regime, this is clearly not true, as far back as the Gowon Regime, up unto the Shagari and through the Buhari Regime, the govt run NNOC/NNPC showed levels of inefficiency which could only have been expected to get worse. With refineries in operation above the local capacity consumption of Nigerians, the govt through the NNPC still relied on fuel importation to supplement at various times where local supply was hampered by inefficiencies in the govt controlled refinery management.


The difference was the process, before 1986 the petroleum product procurement and distribution was entirely run by govt. through the NNPC, and products where routinely imported by trading crude to the foreign IOC’s in exchange for products refined by these same companies in their refineries abroad a process called “Offshore Processing”, because our policy precluded them from participating in the downstream sector. Needless to say, Nigeria was being ripped off in a different form. I would rely on an interview granted by Professor Tam David West, the Petroleum Minister in 1984, as the information I have come across on these operations within the industry are contained in archived user access only sources and cannot be readily provided here. Please See link – specifically from 8.50 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f0MUoK2Xuw4&feature=related.


A kin observation of the premise and implications of the statements from the Professor are necessary to reach an obvious conclusion, which is quite different from the conclusion of the ex-minister.


Also very detrimental to our downstream petroleum sector is the Petroleum Equalization Fund. The Petroleum Equalization Fund (PEF) is a scheduled Parastatal of the Ministry of Petroleum Resources, established by Decree No.9 of 1975 (as amended by Decree No. 32 of 1989), mainly to administer Uniform Prices of Petroleum products through out the country. This is achieved by reimbursing a marketer’s transportation differentials for petroleum products movement from depots to their sales outlets. http://resourcedat.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Petroleum-Equalisation-Fund-Service-Delivery-Charter.pdf.


In simple terms the PEF pays a marketer the cost of transporting a tanker of PMS or Kerosene for eg. From Port Harcourt refinery or from the Atlas cove in Lagos to Damaturu, Enugu, Ife or Sokoto. If you sum up how many tankers make these and other journeys daily, apart from the fact that the cost of products are never the same in the 774 local government areas, which proves that the policy is actually a time and money wasting venture, it is easy to sea how such policies promote inefficiency, waste, abuse and corruption.


As a matter of fact a large number of marketers end up claiming the cost of transportation of products for eg from PH to Sokoto and sell the products to 3rd parties right outside the refinery at Eleme near PH.


This is an unenforceable policy in a country that has grown as much as Nigeria has over the years, with probably thousands of filling stations across the country.


Good enough all sides of the petroleum products subsidy argument, agree that the policy has been a massive failure, ravaged by a natural generic character imbedded within the DNA of the policy, especially in a country which has grown to the size of Nigeria’s in terms of energy consumption capacity and demand (add that to the obvious demand from our neighboring countries).

In my opinion, the argument for the continuation of petroleum products subsidy while acknowledging the policy is prone to corruption, is ravaged by corruption, abuse and impossible to effectively manage is clearly a case of “Begging the Question”


It would do us and our children well if we identify our problems, take the painful pills to heal the system and painstakingly plant the seeds for future harvests.

The removal of petroleum products subsidy, including the Petroleum Equalization Fund, deregulation of the downstream sector, and full liberalization, while it may be painful initially, is a very necessary step to usher in efficiency and massive economic boom inherent within the massive downstream petroleum sector which is currently repressed and put in the total control of govt and a few cronies; it is the painful but efficient step to create enterprises, industries and empowerment for the poor by the creation of opportunities and jobs which is potential within the sector.

May we note; that this is irrespective of govts. input, the advantages and opportunities are in taking away this sector from  govt commercial and business involvement, and getting govt back to it’s fundamental duty which should be regulation.

On the social side, the truth is that as bad as the conditions are in Nigeria, the people can effectively deal with this necessary but painful first step towards building for the future, we are better than all our neighboring countries who survive on market prices of petroleum.


If the sector is liberalized, it may happen that Mallam Nasir el-Rufai, may be one of those whom may eventually get involved in several partnerships to build private refineries, I do hope so, for the sake of the future of my country.



Samuel Diminas

Is a Petroleum Geoscientist, he started his career with the NNPC, worked with BP Exploration, Sunbury England, Chevron North America Exploration and Production Co., he is currently a Geology and Geophysics Specialist in the Global Oil and Gas Industry

Wednesday, 12 October 2011

Its Demolition Galore in Lagos State!

Flooding caused by heavy rains has been described as “the most devastating so far this year, especially in Lagos, Nigeria’s commercial capital[1]”. Particularly following the infamous Sunday, July 10, 2011, rainfall that saw many parts of Lagos totally submerged in water, the Babatunde Raji Fashola-led government of Lagos State hastily responded to the flooding by ordering the demolition of buildings and structurees alleged to have been built on drainage channels. The decision to strictly enforce a demolition policy in the state was  based on the Governor’s casual visit to the flood-affected areas 3 days after the Sunday rainfall. In his view, demolition constituted the only appropriate response to the flooding.  

While the Sunday, July 10, 2011 heaviest downpour lasted,  no state agency or department carried out any form of rescue operation nor provided temporary shelter and emergency medical assistance to people living in the flood-affected areas. Beyond sending random text messages to members of the public urging them to remain indoors, not one state agency carried out any surveillance to identify those in critical need or evacuate vulnerable sections of the population such as the sick, elderly, children, pregnant women, or extremely poor families living in disadvantaged or inaccessible neighbourhoods. Consequently, the death toll soared, thousands were rendered homeless while valuable properties were destroyed.

Less than a month after the demolition announcement was made, many settlements across the state, especially areas predominantly inhabited by poor people, have either been demolished, or marked for demolition. These settlements, most often located in the lower-lying, more flood-prone sections of the city, are home to large numbers of the city’s population. Not only that, most of these areas either lack drainages and canals or had existing ones blocked by mounds of uncleared debris.

More than 2000 households, comprising mainly women and young children living in Ilaje-Bariga, Egun-Bariga, Agege, Orile, Shomolu, Ebutte Metta and Iwaya communities have been forcibly evicted and their homes and businesses cruelly demolished by officials of the Lagos State Environmental and Special Offences (Enforcement) Unit (LSESOEU). The demolition exercises were accomplished by a vast array of bulldozers, and trucks ably supported by fully armed security personnel ostensibly mobilized to suppress any resistance to the demolition. All of these demolitions and evictions happened without sufficient notice, the opportunity to be heard or to appeal, and without the provision of adequate compensation or alternative housing.

As a direct result of the demolitions, many families have been physically separated, just as extended families and local communities have been fragmented and still unable to reunite for weeks or even months. Most of the evicted families sought refuge under bridges, in churchyards, open fields and other undignifying corners that subjected them to severe health hazards, psychological and emotional trauma. Apart from the human and material losses that remain incalculable and heart-rending, the evictions occasioned massive breakdown of social and solidarity networks essential to the survival of local people; disrupted school children’s education; and stripped families of their sources of income and livelihood. The demolitions also forced evictees into far-flung areas that made commuting to their old jobs or serving their old customer bases practically impossible.


By Victoria Ibezim-Ohaeri

Thursday, 29 September 2011

Who is deceiving Mr. President? by J1 - NAIJAPRINCE

Wednesday, September 28, 2011

Who is deceiving Mr. President?

At a time when Nigeria finds herself at the most dangerous precipice ever, with all our old challenges yet unsolved and still beleaguering us, and new ones mounting on them, President Goodluck Jonathan at an inter-denominational service to mark the nation’s 51st Independence anniversary at the National Christian Centre, Abuja on Sunday September 25th 2011, reveled in the encomiums showered on him by the American President Barack Obama and other world leaders.
He had this to say “I just returned from the United Nations General Assembly in the US. (Barak) Obama, when he spoke, commended Nigeria, but back home we are being abused. When we had the Security Council meeting outside the General Assembly, Nigeria was commended, but here we are being abused. When the Presidents of South Africa, Gabon spoke they commended Nigeria but here we are not being appreciated.” Since his inauguration as President of Nigeria, President Goodluck Jonathan has made many embarrassing gaffes, but this in my opinion, towers them all! Unbelievable!

Since when did praises from foreign Presidents become a yardstick for measuring the achievements of a leader, especially on pressing domestic issues? President Obama praised you, so what? Does Obama know what Nigerians are going through? Does Obama experience the power outages we experience, even before he became US President? Do Obama and all these world leaders drive on Nigerian roads, send their children to Nigerian public schools, or treat themselves at Nigerian public hospitals? Will somebody please wake Mr. President up and ask him to smell the coffee? The level of naivety, indiscretion in speech, cluelessness, outright lack of confidence and depth displayed by Jonathan is appalling, sad and unfortunate, for a man who sits as President over 150 million Africans.

History and global trends have shown that the disposition of the Western bloc of super powers, led by America, towards leaders of developing nations has nothing to do with the type of leadership such leaders give to their own people but by the alignment of such leaders on global issues that either strengthen or threaten the West. The West does not care if a leader provides good roads, potable water, steady electricity, excellent education to his or her citizens as much as they care about that leader’s position on terrorism, communism, and other issues that affect its (the west) dominance in world affairs. Hence it is absolutely delusional and ridiculously naïve of a leader to judge himself and the legacy he would leave with his people by what the West, America or other world leaders think or say of him.

For decades, former dictator Mobutu Sese Seko of DR Congo (formerly Zaire) was a staunch ally of America and the West. At a time when Mobutu’s human rights records were a total failure, when his level of corruption had so crippled his country’s economy that he reportedly borrowed his country money to pay the salaries of its civil service, at a time when there was not a single well-paved road in that country as all the roads were riddled with potholes, including the road that led to his Presidential Palace, at this time the Congolese people were dying in their thousands of starvation, the hospital system was collapsed and the total country was in a death-like situation. Yet America stood solidly behind Mobutu, simply because they needed him at that moment.
They needed him because it was the thick of the cold war. The Soviet Union was on a rampage spreading their communist ideals to several nations of the world, and this was a huge threat to Western capitalism and democracy. Africa was neutral fertile ground yet to be conquered by either side. Mobutu was a strong and well known African leader and the West quickly allied him as whichever side of the global economic struggle that won Mobutu was likely to win Africa. At this time America cared less about the sufferings and deathly situation of the Congolese people or Mobutu’s monumental corruption and poor human right records. Time and again, Mobutu was a special guest at the American White House, and one American President, Ronald Reagan even showered encomiums on him, describing him as "a voice of good sense and goodwill."

However, in time the Soviet Union fell, and the cold war ended, America no longer needed an ally in Mobutu, then he suddenly became a dictator in the eyes of the West. America denounced his leadership and demanded that he institute a democracy in his country. He was no longer a welcome visitor in America. He had outlived his usefulness. In place of those encomiums now came cold shoulders and constant denouncement. Mobutu had been fooled, in his frustration he made this comment about the experience "I am the latest victim of the cold war, no longer needed by the U.S. The lesson is that my support for American policy counts for nothing.” By 1983, Mobutu was a special guest at the American White House, but by 1993, only 10 years after, he could not even get a visa to enter America! Such can be the treachery of the West in their dealings across the globe. President Jonathan, please do not be fooled!

On the flip side of this story is the story of Thomas Sankara, former President of Burkina Faso, a man who was highly popular with his people but not with the West.
Despite being a young military man, Sankara’s sense of nationalism and total selfless devotion for the uplifting of his country remains a watershed in the history of governance in Africa. He led his country to achieve many firsts in Africa. Through his policies on agriculture, he was able to lead his people to double their production of wheat, a staple food source for the Burkinabe. He inspired communities to build their local schools through self-labor and over 350 schools were built. He is the first African leader who clothed his entire army with fabrics grown and sewn in Burkina Faso. His record in public health remains unbeaten in Africa till date, through his unprecedented polio vaccination program. Sankara was so loved by his people that most mornings he jogged across the capital city of Ouagadougou alone for his personal exercises. However, he would not live long, for he was a scathing critic of the West. He opposed importation from the West and urged Burkina Faso and other African countries to strive towards self-dependence. He also opposed the IMF and World Bank strategies imposed on African countries for development. He canvassed for a cancellation of the debts of African nations because in his words “If we do not pay this debt, our creditors will not die, but if we pay it we will die.” He was also a scathing critic of apartheid rule in South Africa. His moves reduced France’s heavy profits from Burkina Faso and his days were numbered. He was assassinated in a palace coup by his friend and confidante, Blaise Compaore, who was inspired and goaded on by the West.

These are facts of history about the role America and the West has played in Africa’s recent history. It is highly unbecoming for the President of Nigeria to be carried away in such empty encomiums that mean little to the encomium givers, for it does not take Obama and Hillary Clinton anything to shower him encomiums to his face and go into their oval office later to refer to him as “our African stooge!” Wake up President Jonathan! You are the President of Nigeria! Africa’s most populous nation and by far a big brother to many other African nations! You cannot afford to be this naïve and puerile, not being able to see beyond the surface and read between the lines. Woe unto a country, whose king is a child, is what the scripture says. Yes, it is a very happy development that for the first time in Nigeria’s history, a Niger-Deltan is our President.
For years, the people of the Niger Delta have suffered greatly while Nigeria has lived off wealth produced at the expense of the Niger Deltan. Yet, for over 40 years, no Niger Deltan ever occupied the highest seat in the land. It is a good thing that at last we have an Ijaw man, from the oil producing area of Nigeria as our President and C-in-C. However, this opportunity must be justified and beneficial to the country as a whole.

Whoever has the ears of President Jonathan should please inform him that he should not be deceived by the praises of the American President and other Presidents. For they are not his citizens, and they measure him by different standards than we do who are Nigerians and feel the brunt of the injustice and insecurity of our society. We want to see him act fast on urgent issues that matter crucially for our everyday lives and existence. The American President himself is working his guts out trying to pass a job plan that is expected to salvage his country’s economic situation. We also want to see a President who is inspirational, confident, decisive, and one who takes action when necessary. He does not need to turn into a lion or a Nebuchadnezzar to do that. We don’t need a President who will constantly inform us or give us the impression that there are certain people in Nigeria who are too powerful for him. He should act decisively when necessary, whether his decisions are correct and elicit praises or wrong and he gets butted for it, at least, he’s got to show leadership, for our country surely needs one right now.

One thousand world leaders might applaud you Mr. President, but please remember that we, the citizens do not feel you yet. Our roads, our schools, our economy, our hospitals, our electricity, the security in our streets, these are the things that matter to us, these are the things that count, and that is where at least eighty percent of your energies must be diverted, for Nigeria is on the brink of death and anarchy, and these are the expectations that we Nigerians will judge you by when posterity calls. After you have been the West’s Nigerian President, please come back home and be our own Nigeria’s President and focus on domestic issues, for they are many that bedevil our nation right now.

Lastly, from the speech of President Jonathan, I have come to conclude that he either reads comments on Facebook and other online social media, or he has someone who does so for him and actively reports back to him regularly. For some of the things he said are trite Facebook clichés. Well, for the online army of Nigerians who comment daily on burning national issues, if there has been any time when we ever needed to scream the loudest about the need for change in our country, that time is now. Perhaps our cries might get to the hears of Mr. President and he can glean from the myriads of suggestions of solutions presented and of course, not rest on his oars thinking that he is doing a good job, for currently he is not at all.

Friday, 26 August 2011

WHY BOKO HARAM WILL BE HERE FOR A LOOOOOOOOONG TIME!







It is believed in many quarters that the Boko Haram insurgency is purely motivated by political considerations. Local politicians, Islamic scholars and representatives of the local and international media have questioned the roles played by the different political parties and religious leaders in the state.  For instance, key traditional and religious leaders in Bornu state have not been vocal in condemning the activities of the Boko Haram sect despite the several attacks and killings of private citizens, security officials and Christians. A veteran journalist working with an international media agency, Mr. Ibrahim Mshelliza also noted that members of the Peoples’ Democratic Party in the State have never openly condemned the Boko Haram menace and views the attacks as a calculated attempt to undermine the leadership of the All Nigeria’s Peoples’ Party in Bornu.

Another school of thought has it that the Boko Haram insurgency intensified and became deadlier than ever following the refusal of President Goodluck Jonathan to respect the zoning arrangement of the Peoples’ Democratic Party. As such, the perpetrators of the current insecurity has long ago, planned and arranged how to thoroughly make the country ungovernable should he eventually mount the saddle of leadership post April 2011 in Nigeria. As has been succinctly put[1]

For example, there can be no doubt that the Boko Haram issue  and the post election violence in the North are clearly reactions to perceived or real loss of power by an elite stratum that is predominantly “Northern” and also “Moslem” even if the leading figures in this agenda do not necessarily count religious piety among their greatest attributes. What is happening in my view is a contest over raw political power: who lost power, who won power, and who wants power back. The processes that threw up President Goodluck Jonathan as the candidate of this elite stratum were intimately bound up with the political crisis that has gripped the ‘northern’ political class.
For a political ‘north’, which has always been in position of power and authority, the idea of getting used to ‘powerlessness’ poses a huge challenge. This is a crisis for power brokers and beneficiaries of power in the north. And one of the ways in which the Boko Haram is being interpreted is the service it offers such power deprived elite stratum to play cynical politics without alienating themselves from their communities. Linked to this of course is the contest between the conservative traditional authority and a more progressive successor generation in the North. There is clearly a breakdown in this traditional authority in the north where it used to be very strong in the country. Young, dynamic and street smart politicians are edging out the old (a common phenomenon all over the country) but they are yet to consolidate their grip on power and Islamic radicalism offers a strong incentive on that consolidation agenda.

However, some public analysts[2] have argued that although members of the group may have been hijacked and used by politicians to achieve some mischievous political objectives, that does not take away the ultimate agitations of the group for an Islamic State.  The political underpinnings that belie the conflict have spurred a significant erosion of political will and public confidence in the authorities to deal with the situation fairly and squarely.  

External offers of technical support and assistance in quelling the crisis has been largely insincere and cosmetic. Whilst the international community says it supports non-violence, the actions that are taken by western governments, international governing bodies and the media are, most times, contradictory. Little is being done to allow non-violent action to succeed and the media continues to sensationalize violent conflict and ignore peaceful interaction. Few weeks ago, many Nigerian newspapers screamed with the headline news of the arrival of Jack Bauer in keeping with the United States’ offer of military assistance to check the security situation in Maiduguri. It would appear from this US government perspective that the situation is viewed as a purely security issue requiring military response, not a theatre of social and economic deprivations and injustices requiring training in dialogue and conflict resolution strategies.

Both the Boko Haram on one side, the Nigerian Police and the army on the other side are equally yoked in the gory killings and myriad of security challenges facing the state. Their clashes have left hundreds dead on both sides. There is no doubt that security operatives comprising mainly the police and soldiers have been the main targets of violent attacks by the Boko Haram sect. Beginning from July 1999 when Boko Haram insurgency gained prominence in Bornu State, more than seventy junior and senior officers of the Nigerian Police Force have been murdered in cold blood by Boko Haram insurgents. Most of these personnel were killed when they were off duty as they returned to their homes at close of work or on their way to work.  

To cap it all, the June 16, 2011 attack on Louis Edet House, the headquarters of the Nigeria Police Force which claimed lives and destroyed no fewer than 70 vehicles left many Nigerians in utter shock and bewilderment. As condemnable as these Boko Haram killings are, the extra judicial execution of the sect’s members have even been more horrifying. No single event symbolizes police impunity and extrajudicial execution of Boko Haram members than the killing of Alhaji Buji Foi (a two-time chairman of Kaga Local Government Area and former commissioners of Religious Affairs and Water Resources; Alhaji Mohammed Baba Fugu and late sect leader, Mohammed Yusufu at the Police headquarters in Maiduguri. Yusuf’s murder is believed to be in revenge for the killing of the deputy to the squadron commander, a superintendent of police and many police officers in July 2009[3]. The ongoing ‘an-eye-for-eye” tactic continues to stand in the way of meaningful progress and engagement between the warring factions.

Perhaps, most telling is that absolute mistrust, suspicion, and fear characterize the relationship between the security operatives and the civilian populations undermining intelligence undertakings that would lead to the definite identification and extirpation of the sect’s members and activities. Areas lived by the poor are often criminalized and labeled as Boko Haram hideouts to justify the extreme security surveillance and violent incursions by soldiers. Often, these incursions are accompanied by severe violence, with victims on many occasions arrested, detained and in some cases, killed. No members of the JTF are known to have been held accountable for committing gross human rights violations including torture and extrajudicial executions.
Based on the sentiments shared by several persons interviewed in the informal neighbourhoods, it is obvious that the greater the force employed by the JTF in the areas designated as military targets, the greater the sympathy those affected communities have for the Boko Haram sect, to the extent that majority of them are hesitant or outrightly unwilling to provide information to the police on the hideouts and activities of the sect members. These responses reinforce perceptions of the local people that government is against them, and closes the gap between genuine community agitations and criminal activities.

The mixture of impunity, the lack of accountability, dearth of political will, corruption, and abuse by politicians as great barriers preventing any meaningful solution to the growing violent situation in Maiduguri in particular, and Nigeria in general. The signature failure of the Nigerian authorities to address the legacy of past human rights violations by both military forces and ethnic insurgents offers little hope that such violations will not be repeated and prevents victims and survivors from reconciling and rebuilding their lives.  Two years after the first violent outbreak of the Boko Haram crisis in Maiduguri, family members of hundreds of victims of the killings and destruction unleashed by Boko Haram members, as well as victims of extrajudicial killing by security forces have continued to cry for justice without reprieve.

Any credible peace process must involve all parties to the conflict, including representatives of the government, the poor communities of the northern Nigeria, members of the Boko Haram sect, religious leaders in the region and victims of the attacks. A framework for discussion, a forum for articulating grievances, and a well-developed agenda are all needed to begin a negotiation process that will lead to a comprehensive solution of the relevant political, economic and security problems. 

Excerpts from the report, In the Killing Fields of Maiduguri.....
   by Victoria Ibezim Ohaeri


[1] Resurgent Regionalism and Democratic Development in Western Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects at page 5
[2]  Interview with Mr. Ibrahim Mshelizza, Senior  Reporter, Reuters Agency July 25, 2011
[3] The insurrections took place between July 26 to 29, 2009.

Thursday, 18 August 2011

My name is Victoria Ibezim-Ohaeri. My name is Change!

 
Victoria Ibezim-Ohaeri is very proud to be a Nigerian. Despite its potential greatness and enormous wealth, my country is still hobbled by economic instability, corruption, decaying infrastructure, and poor macroeconomic management.  Of specific significance is the scale and intensity at which these social vices and conditions often lead to human rights violations; further pushing a vast majority of the population into poverty and hopelessness. 

Still proudly in my greenly years, I consider myself talented, beautiful, creative, fruitful, dynamic and incurably hopeful of a brighter future.  These attributes and many more, are constant reminders of the Nigerian blood flowing and pumping every heartbeat in me. Each heartbeat is distinctive, exuding a mighty force that often propel me into deep reflection and unrelenting contemplation about what I could do to spearhead positive change, build both a better future and a better present for my community, my society and all around me. 

Several experiences in my life have contributed to my critical understanding of the need to use my skills, resources and legal education to address human rights abuses.  First, growing up in Owerri, Imo State, I saw—without understanding the cause—the effects of unfettered free trade policies advanced by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund that caused inflation, increased economic distress and indebtedness of African nations. Such policies fuelled unemployment and homelessness as thousands of youths and families from the countryside migrated to the city centers in search of non-existent greener pastures.  I saw firsthand, the dire conditions in which the majority of urban dwellers lived when – at the age of sixteen - I visited Lagos to see relatives living in the slums of Ajegunle. 

Therefore, I entered law school with a strong desire to become involved with issues of human rights; to demand accountability from local and international actors whose actions or inactions have brought untold hardship, and suffering to urban poor families. Coming to live and work in Lagos several years later, I saw how urban development policies and programs were hijacked and exploited by state and private actors and thereby exacerbating the already substandard living conditions in slum communities.  I came to realize that inequality and injustice plagued the system to such an extent that a real solution would require a much larger-scale transformation—one best achieved through legal mechanisms.  

Today, I fully recognize that I have a calling to take the law and make it a tool to improve the lives of real people. My purpose is stronger and my determination, unshakeable! My direct involvement in a range of actions - from litigating, organizing and building capacity at the level of communities, to contributing to the development of national, regional and international norms on human rights – has helped expose and address key human rights violations, specifically concerning housing of the urban poor in Nigeria. 

I have learnt that overturning decades of human rights abuse within a society may not happen overnight.  It requires a sustained effort by people of like minds who believe it is the right thing to do. Perhaps, even more importantly, it requires the attention of a larger community to provide support for those who lack the power to effect the change needed to end the abuse affecting millions of people. 

It is on this platform of organizing, campaigning and litigating for social justice that I ground my optimism and hope for a “world (NIGERIA) where everyone can live in a safe home with the promise of a decent life of dignity, good health, safety, happiness and hope”.
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